APPLICATION NOTE #199
 FOREIGN LANGUAGE SUPPORT

Note:  This application note refers to the accented characters o slash
and O slash.  Since the character set we are using to present this
information does not include the O slash characters, we have had to
substitute descriptive text where only the character should appear.

Several of the features of XyWrite III Plus (version 3.53 or later)
can be very helpful if you are producing documents in a foreign
language; particularly if you are using a non-standard character set.
 This application note describes the procedures for defining
uppercase/lowercase pairs and additional floating accents.  It also
explains how you can set up your hyphenation dictionary to recognize
non-ASCII characters.

UPPERCASE STRING
The UC (Uppercase) string which you can add to your printer file(s)
allows you to specify the uppercase/lowercase pairs that are
recognized by the UC (Uppercase), LC (Lowercase), and CC (Change Case)
commands, and by XyWrite's hyphenation algorithm. (To add strings to a
printer file, see the "Basics of the Printer File" section of the
XyWrite III Plus Reference Guide.) If you are using only the standard
ASCII character set, you don't need to input the uppercase string
because XyWrite incorporates the pairs as a built-in feature. However,
if you are doing foreign language work, you can use the UC string to:

  * Define uppercase/lowercase pairs if you are using a non-standard
character
    set. For example, if you are using a Scandinavian character set,
you would
    want to define the character pair oO (with a slash through each).

  * Assign a screen display character to the uppercase version of an
accented
    character. For example, the standard ASCII character set does not
contain
    a screen display character for an uppercase E.  You could set the
upper-
    case display of e to be î by entering the pair eî. Then whenever
you issue
    one of the case commands (UC, LC, or CC), XyWrite will change the
screen
    display of e to be î and vice versa. (See Note #1).

The format of the UC string is:

 UC<nNnNnN...

where n is the lowercase version of a character and N is the uppercase
version. Enter this string in the printer file, before the PT tables.
It must be input on a line by itself.

If you enter a UC string in your printer file, you must include every
uppercase/lowercase pair in your display set, not simply those that
are non-standard. For example:


uc<„Ž†�‡€‚�Šî¤¥”™(oslash)(Oslash)�šaAbBcCdDeEfFgGhHiIjJkKlLmMnNoOpPqQ
rRsStTuUvVwWxXyYzZ

Note #1 Printer Output. The UC string affects the screen display only.
If you want to associate a screen display character such as î with the
printed character E, you must make the appropriate entry in the
character substitution file.  See the Character Substitution File
section of the XyWrite III Plus Reference Guide.

Note #2 Errors. Even if you input the UC string incorrectly, you may
still be able to load the printer file successfully. If you get
ILLEGAL COMMAND messages when entering standard XyWrite commands, you
may have omitted an uppercase/lowercase pair from the UC string.
Similarly, if you incorrectly input a pair, the search and case
commands will not function properly. Should you encounter such errors,
review the UC string and make the appropriate corrections.

ACCENT TABLE
The accent (AC:) table defines each floating accent; the characters it
combines with; and the resulting displays. For example:

 'a e‚i¡o¢u£E�

The format of the AC: table is:

 AC:n
 string1
 string2
       .
       .
       .
 stringn

The first seven strings must define the floating accents associated
with function calls S1-S7 (which are displayed below).

 S1  Acute Accent
 S2  Grave Accent
 S3  Umlaut
 S4  Circumflex
 S5  O Accent
 S6  Tilde
 S7  Underline

You can then add strings to define any character as a floating accent.
For example, if you are using a Scandinavian character set, you might
want to define the slash (/) as a floating accent and then specify the
characters that can be combined with it.

 /o(oslash)O(Oshash)

XyWrite can be configured to support floating accents which are not
part of the ASCII character set.  To do this:

 1. Set up an AC: table in the printer file.

 2. Modify the keyboard file so that it treats the characters in the
AC: table
    as floating accents.

If you are using the standard ASCII character set, you will find that
XyWrite already incorporates some floating accents.

Note #3 Non-standard Character Sets.  You must add to your supply of
characters if you wish to use accents which are not listed in the
ASCII character set.  There are several ways to accomplish this; such
as using either third party display character fonts sets or code page
switching.  (For the latter, see Application Note #111, "Using Code
Page Switching in XyWrite.")

The AC: table should be input before the PT tables in the printer
file. Creating an AC: table necessitates modifying your keyboard file
as described in the next section.

Keyboard File
You must modify the keyboard file in order for XyWrite to recognize
floating accent characters in the AC: table. This is done by typing
the function call XX before the floating accent character in the
printer file. For example, to assign / as a floating accent to the
Ctrl position of the / key (key 53):

 1. Call your keyboard file to the screen.

 2. Search for the control table.

   Type: F5se /table=ctrl/<CR>

 3. Search for the key assignment.

   Type: F5se /53=/<CR>

 4. Modify the key assignment so that it looks  like this:

   Type: 53=xx,/

 5. Store and load the keyboard file.

Result: When using the modified keyboard file, you will find that each
time you type Ctrl/ the cursor will react to the next character that
you type. If you type o or O, XyWrite will replace the slash with an o
or O with a slash through it, as you specified in the AC: table of the
printer file. If you type any other character, the / is treated as a
regular text character.

Note #4 Printer Output. The AC: table affects the screen display only.
 If the accented character is not part of the printer's standard
character set, you must ensure that there is a character set within
the printer which contains the foreign characters you wish to use.
(Printers usually have a code which allows you to access foreign
character tables.) You must create a substitution table in your
printer file which links each non-standard character to the printer
code which is required in order for the printer to produce that
particular character.  An example of such a substitution table
sequence is:

  (Oslash)=EscR (memory position)

Information on substitution tables can be found in the "Printer
Settings" section of the XyWrite III Plus Reference Guide.

FOREIGN HYPHENATION
If you have created hyphenation tables that use characters other than
those that are included in the standard ASCII character set, you must
input the file label ;FO; at the beginning of the hyphen exception
dictionary. See the "Modifying the Hyphen Dictionary" section of the
XyWrite III Plus Reference Guide.  When you use the LOAD command to
load the dictionary into memory, the ;FO; label notifies XyWrite that
it is a foreign language dictionary which is being loaded.

Tip  When XyWrite hyphenates a word, it searches file DICTION (the
hyphen exception dictionary) until it finds a match. When two words
have the same root but different hyphenation points (e.g., prod-uct
and pro-duc-tion), you may get the wrong hyphenation. If you change
the file label in the DICTION file from ;HY; to ;FO;, XyWrite checks
the dictionary for the closest match, not simply the first match.
Loading the dictionary with the ;FO; label will, however, require more
memory.