APPLICATION NOTE #121
 POSTSCRIPT PRINTER FILES
 Rev. 05






 PostScript is a page description programming language produced by
Adobe Systems Inc. that is used to drive certain printers and
typesetters. Such printers include the Apple LaserWriter II NT, the
QMS-PS 820, and the IBM 4216 Personal Pageprinter. This application
note describes the PostScript printer files that are currently
available, and gives you the information you need to use them
effectively.


 AVAILABLE PRINTER FILES
 There are five PostScript printer files available for use with
XyWrite III Plus, Version 3.55 or later. They are 3POST13.PRN,
3POST35N.PRN, 3POST35C.PRN, 3POST43.PRN and 3POST29.PRN. The table at
the end of this file describes the font families and printers
supported by each printer file. Select the correct printer file for
your printer; if the printer is not listed, choose the file that
supports your printer's internal fonts.

 Each printer file contains a PC (Printer Control) table that allows
you to switch between portrait and landscape printing, and to access
different paper trays. You use the PC (Printer Control) or PB (Page
Begin) command to invoke the different codes in the PC table, as
explained in the sections "Printing in Landscape Orientation" and
"Using Multiple Paper Trays." An explanation of the available PC
codes is provided in the table at the bottom of the page.


 ADDING A FONT
 The printer files are set up for 12-point type in each font.
PostScript allows you to print in any size, so you may want to add
other sizes to your printer file. For example, you may want to print
your document in 10-point type with 16-point headlines. To do this,
you need to create a font table for each new size you want to use and
then either create a new PT (Print Type) table or modify the mode
definitions in one of the existing PT tables.

 To use a 10-point Times Roman font, you must first create a font
table for it. The following procedure describes one method for
creating font tables. A program for making fonts is described in the
"Automatic Font Tables" section of this document.

 1. Define and copy the 12-point Times Roman font table (see Note
    #1).

    Type: F5se /fo:12times/<CR>

    Move the cursor to the beginning of the line and press F1.

    Move the cursor to the first character of the next font table
    and press F1 again.

    Press: F7 (to copy the defined block)

    Press: F3 (to restore the defined block)

 2. Change the name of the new font table from 12TIMES to 10TIMES.

 3. Change the font entry statement (line 2 of the font table) so
    that it contains the number 10 rather than 12.

 4. Change the VL (Vertical Leading) setting to the value you
    want. In this example, you might change the VL setting to 12
    (see Note #2).

 5. Change the scaling factor in the width table from 12 to 10.

 The two versions of the font table are shown below.

    FO:12TIMES          FO:10TIMES
    FO< ) s T 12 f (    FO< ) s T 10 f (
    VL=14               VL=12
    UW:12*TIMES         UW:10*TIMES
    US:SUB              US:SUB
    ET                  ET

 Repeat this procedure for each new font. Remember that each typeface
in a family requires a separate font table, so if you are planning to
use 10-point Times Roman Bold and 10-point Times Roman Italic as
well, you need to create font tables for each of them.

 Once you have created the required font tables, you need to create a
PT (Print Type) table that references them.

 1. Define and copy an existing PT table.

 2. Assign a unique number to it. You can use any available
    number between 1 and 255 (except PT=32). The tables do not
    have to be in numerical order.

 3. Enter the correct mode definitions. Your completed table might
    look like this:

    PT=4
    MD NM+10TIMES
    MD BO+10TIMES-BOLD
    MD UL+10TIMES+UNDERLINE
    MD RV+10TIMES-ITALIC
    MD BU+10SYMBOL
    MD BR+10TIMES-BOLD-ITALIC
    MD SU+10TIMES+SUPERSCRIPT
    MD SD+10TIMES+SUBSCRIPT


 CREATING EXPANDED AND CONDENSED FONTS
 Makefont is a PostScript command that allows you to create expanded
and condensed fonts by setting the width and height of a font to
different values. For example, a 12-point font will have a condensed
look if it is scaled to a 9-point width; the same font will have an
expanded look if it is scaled to a 15-point width.

 The procedure for creating an expanded or condensed font is the same
as for adding a new font, except the font entry statement of the font
table has the following format:

    FO< ) s font [w 0 0 h 0 0] m (

 where font is the font name abbreviation (from the list in the
printer file), w defines the width of the font, and h defines the
height of the font. The value for w is also used in the UW (Use Width
Table) statement and the value for h is used to calculate the VL
(Vertical Leading) value. Following are font tables for 12-point
condensed and expanded fonts.

    FO:12TIMES-CONDENSED
    FO< ) s T [9 0 0 12 0 0] m (
    VL=14
    UW:9*TIMES
    US:SUB
    ET
    ;
    FO:12TIMES-EXPANDED
    FO< ) s T [15 0 0 12 0 0] m (
    VL=14
    UW:15*TIMES
    US:SUB
    ET
    ;

 POSTDEF.PGM, which is described below in "Automatic Font
Definitions," can be used to create scaled fonts also.


 FOREIGN LANGUAGE SUPPORT
 Foreign language characters (accents, punctuation, etc.) are
available in all PostScript printer files. You can output these
special characters in all standard text fonts. To produce a foreign
language character, you simply type the ASCII character you want into
the text. For example, to produce a lowercase e with an acute accent
(‚):

    Type: Alt-Shift-130

 For a list of ASCII characters and the numbers associated with them,
refer to Appendix A of the XyWrite Reference Guide. For a list of the
foreign language characters that you can print out using one of the
PostScript printer files, refer to Application Note #165, PostScript
Symbol Set.

 Because foreign language support involves much more internal
processing than would otherwise be required, it slows down the output
of the first page of each file. If you do not use foreign characters,
you could reduce the processing time. Call our Technical Services
Department for more information.


 AUTOMATIC FONT TABLES
 XYQUEST provides a program called POSTDEF.PGM to help you make font
tables. You can use this program, which is available on request, to
make either regular or scaled font definitions. (Scaled fonts are
either compressed or expanded.)

 To use POSTDEF.PGM, call your printer file and locate a font table
that defines the font for which you want an additional point size.
Put your cursor on the first line (FO:) of the font table. For
instance, if you wish to make 24-point Helvetica-Bold, the cursor
must be on the first line of an existing Helvetica-Bold font
definition.

 Then activate the program:

    Type: F5run postdef.pgm<CR>

 Result: The program will ask you if you want a regular or a scaled
font. Press the appropriate response:

    R regular
    S scaled

 Scaled fonts are either compressed (i.e., horizontal size less than
vertical size) or expanded (i.e., horizontal size greater than
vertical size).

 For instance, to compress 24 Helvetica-Bold slightly, you might
specify a horizontal size of 22. To expand it a bit, you might
specify a horizontal size of 26.

 Specify the point sizes when asked. All point sizes must be whole
numbers. If you make a mistake while entering any number, press Esc
to exit the program, then start again.

 Your new font definition will follow XyWrite font naming conventions,
i.e., point size followed by font name (24HELVETICA-BOLD). For scaled
fonts, the convention is vertical/horizontal followed by font name
(24/22HELVETICA-BOLD). The standard formula for computing VL is also
used (see Note #2).

 POSTDEF.PGM creates font definitions only. You must still build PT
tables to use the new fonts.

 Tip If you plan to make many new font definitions, you can load
POSTDEF.PGM to a Save/Get key for easy access.

 To do this:

    Type: F5ldpm postdef.pgm,x<CR>

 where "x" is the alphanumeric key of your choice. To use the program,
press Alt-x.


 PUTTING POSTSCRIPT CODES INTO THE FILE
 All five printer files contain a PostScript "font." You can use this
font to put PostScript coding directly into your file. For example,
you can use the PostScript font to draw lines.

 To use the PostScript font, you must first assign it to a mode in a
PT table. For example:

    MD RV+POSTSCRIPT

 Once you store and load the printer file, you can change to reverse
mode to type PostScript codes. The information you enter in reverse
mode will not be printed as text, but will be sent to the printer for
processing. When you are done entering the PostScript code, change to
normal mode and continue entering or editing text.

 There are a few characteristics of working in PostScript mode with
XyWrite that you must keep in mind.

 *  You cannot enter a carriage return when you are in PostScript
    mode unless you have assigned the PostScript font to mode
    normal (MD NM) in a PT table. (XyWrite returns to normal mode
    at the end of every line, which disrupts the PostScript
    coding.)

 *  Variables are not automatically reset when you return to a
    normal text mode, so you must be careful about precisely which
    PostScript commands you enter in this fashion. Be sure to reset
    any variables you change.

 *  When you enter a PostScript mode, XyWrite remembers its current
    page position and returns to that spot when you exit the
    PostScript mode. That means you can be in the middle of the
    page when you enter PostScript commands to draw a line at the
    top of the page. After the printer draws the line, it returns
    to the middle of the page, exactly where it was when it
    encountered the PostScript commands.


 PRINTING IN LANDSCAPE ORIENTATION
 In standard printing (also called portrait printing), characters are
printed across the 8-1/2-inch dimension of the page. In landscape
printing, characters are printed across the 11-inch dimension of the
page. Landscape printing is convenient if you want to print a
spreadsheet, a document with many snaked columns, or an envelope.

 PostScript printers allow you to use all fonts in either portrait or
landscape orientation. In XyWrite, you use the PC (Printer Control)
or PB (Page Begin) command to change orientations (see Note #3): PC
if the entire file is in landscape, and PB if you are mixing
landscape and portrait within a file. The PB and PC commands refer to
a table in the PostScript printer file which contains the coding the
printer needs to change orientations (refer to the table at the end
of this file).

 The default orientation is portrait, which means you don't need to
issue a PC or PB command if you are printing only in portrait
orientation. However, if you want to print in landscape orientation,
the PC or PB command is required.

 To print an entire document in landscape, type the PC 1 command at
the beginning of the file. Then change the PL (Page Length), FD (Form
Depth), and RM (Right Margin) format settings so they match the
landscape page dimension.

    Press: Ctrl-Home
    Type: F5pc 1<CR>
    Type: F5fd 48<CR>
    Type: F5pl 45,47,40<CR>
    Type: F5rm 105<CR>

 Use the PB command to change orientation from page to page (see Note
#4). To do that, you enter the PB command at the end of the page that
precedes the one you want to rotate. For example, suppose you want
pages 1 and 3 to print in portrait orientation, and page 2 to print
in landscape.

 1. Move the cursor to the end of page 1.

 2. Enter the PB command for landscape orientation.

    Type: F5pb 1<CR>

 3. Insert a PG (Page Break) command followed by a carriage
    return.

    Type: F5pg<CR><CR>

 4. Enter the formatting commands for landscape orientation (as
    described above).

 5. Move the cursor to the end of page 2.

 6. Enter the PB command for portrait orientation.

    Type: F5pb 2<CR>

 7. Repeat step 3.

 8. Reestablish the formatting commands for portrait orientation.

 Let's take a look at another example. If the first two or more pages
of the file are in landscape, there is an extra step that you must
perform. This extra step is necessary because of the way XyWrite
processes PB commands that are on the first page of the file: it
processes the control string at the top of page one and at the top of
page two. To avoid this duplicate processing:

 1. Move the cursor to the beginning of the file and enter the PB
    command for landscape orientation:

    Type: F5pb 1<CR>

 2. Enter the formatting commands for landscape orientation as
    described above.

 3. Move the cursor to the beginning of line 2 and enter the
    following PB command:

    Type: F5pb<CR>

 4. Move the cursor to the end of the last page of landscape
    orientation.

 5. Complete steps 6 through 8 of the previous procedure.


 PRINTING ON LEGAL-SIZED PAPER
 If you want to print your document on legal-sized paper (8-1/2 by
14), you must first be sure your printer is set up properly. Printer
setup involves different things on different printers. For example,
on NEC LC890 printers, you must select "Legal" on the printer's front
panel menu; on Apple LaserWriter NTX printers, you must have the
legal-size paper tray inserted in the printer. Refer to the printer
manual for specific information.

 Once the printer is ready:

 1. Call the file you want to print.

 2. Enter the PB command for legal-sized paper.

    Type: F5pb 7<CR>

 3. Change the PL (Page Length) and FD (Form Depth) commands to
    take advantage of the 14-inch paper length. For example:

    Type: F5fd 81<CR>
    Type: F5pl 74,78,70<CR>


 USING MULTIPLE PAPER TRAYS
 Some PostScript printers have more than one paper tray. XyWrite uses
PC codes to tell the printer which paper tray to use. Refer to the PC
table at the end of this file for a list of the paper trays
supported.

 The default paper tray is tray #1, so you don't need to issue a PB
command to access it unless you are returning to tray #1 after using
another tray. To change paper trays, use the appropriate PB command.
For example, to use the second paper tray:

 1. Move the cursor to the end of the page that precedes the one
    you want to print from paper tray #2.

 2. Type: F5pb 4<CR>

 3. Insert a PG (Page Break) command followed by a carriage
    return.

    Type: F5pg<CR><CR>

    Result: All pages that follow the one containing the PB
    command will be printed on paper from the paper tray #2.

 MANUALLY FED ENVELOPES
Use the following formatting commands when manually feeding envelopes
from the multi-purpose tray:

	PB 8
	LM 52
	TP 20
	FD 45
	PL 42,44,40
	RM 90

When using a multi-purpose tray, set the paper guides so that the
envelope feeds properly.  Insert the envelope face down into the
printer.

Enter the name and address you want to print on the envelope.  When
viewed in expanded mode, your completed file should be formatted like
the following example:

ÿAEPB8ÿAFÿAELM52ÿAFÿAETP20ÿAFÿAEFD45ÿAFÿAEPL42,44,40ÿAF
ÿAERM90
ÿAFÿAEPT1ÿAF
Catherine Cross
44 Manning Park
Billerica, MA 01821

Note #1 Font Names. XyWrite and PostScript demand adherence to precise
font-naming conventions. When copying an existing font table to create
a new one, always copy a font table for the same typeface as the one
you need to add. (For example, if you want to create 16-point
Helvetica Bold, copy the 12-point Helvetica Bold font table, not the
12-point Helvetica Oblique table). That way you are sure that the font
names are correct. For a list of the required font names, refer to the
beginning of the printer file.

 Note #2 Vertical Spacing. To calculate the VL value, we recommend
that you use the following formula: for type sizes that are 8 point
or less, add 1 to the point size; for type sizes between 9 and 14,
add 2 to the point size; for type sizes 15 and larger, add 3 to the
point size.

 Note #3 PC vs PB Command. Both the PC (Printer Control) and PB (Page
Begin) commands allow you to send control strings from the PC table
to the printer. The difference between the two commands is the order
in which XyWrite processes them. XyWrite processes the PC command
after it processes other commands that affect the top of a page
(e.g., top margin, running header); it processes the PB command as
the first command on the next page (unless it is at the beginning of
a file, in which case it processes PB as the first command in the
file).

 Note #4 Rotating Part of a Page. This application note describes the
procedure for rotating the entire text portion of a page. If you want
to rotate just part of a page, refer to the PostScript Language
Reference Manual for information.

 Note #5 XyWrite III Users. If you have XyWrite III, Version 3.1, or
XyWrite III Plus, Version 3.54 or lower, you can use most of the
procedures described in this application note. The exceptions are the
procedures that require the PB (Page Begin) command.

 Note #6 Additional Fonts. XyWrite's PostScript printer files contain
font tables only for the printers' internal fonts. If you purchase
additional downloadable fonts, please call XYQUEST's Technical
Services Department for assistance.

  PRINTER FILES

 3POST13.PRN
    No. of Fonts: 13
    Font Families: Courier, Helvetica, Times Roman, and Symbol
    Printers: Apple LaserWriter, Dataproducts LZR 2665,
    TI Omni Laser 2106/13, 2115/13

 3POST35N.PRN
    No. of Fonts: 35
    Font Families: Courier, Helvetica, Helvetica Narrow, Times
    Roman, Symbol, ITC Avant Garde, ITC Bookman Light, New Century
    Schoolbook, Palatino, Zapf Chancery, and Zapf Dingbats
    Printers: Apple LaserWriter II NT, II NTX, Dataproducts LSR
    1260, Laser Connection PSjet/PSjet+, NEC Silent Writer LC-890,
    NEC Silent Writer II 290, Silent Writer LC-890XL, QMS Jet
    Script, QMS-PS 820, 810, Ricoh PC Laser 6000/PS, Varityper
    VT6000-P, VT600-W, Wang LCS15, Wang LCS8, Hewlett-Packard
    PostScript Printer Cartridge for IID, IIP, Pacific Data
    Products PacificPage Cartridge

 3POST35C.PRN
    No. of Fonts: 35
    Font Families: Same as 3POST35C except supports Helvetica
    Condensed instead of Helvetica Narrow
    Printers: QMS-PS 1500, QMS-PS 2200, Quadram QuadLaser PS, Qume
    ScripTEN, TI Omnilaser 2106, 2108, 2115, and QMS ColorScript
    100 Model 10,20,30

 3POST43.PRN
    No. of Fonts: 43
    Font Families: Courier, Helvetica, Helvetica Light, Helvetica
    Black, Times Roman, Symbol, ITC Avant Garde, ITC Bookman Light,
    ITC Garamond, ITC Korinna, New Century Schoolbook, Palatino,
    Zapf Chancery, and Zapf Dingbats
    Printers: IBM 4216 Personal Pageprinter, IBM 4216 Personal
    Pageprinter II, IBM 4250 II Electro Compositor, IBM 3812, 3816,
    3820, 3825, 3827, 3835 Pageprinters

 3POST29.PRN
    No. of Fonts: 29
    Font Families: Courier, Helvetica, Times Roman, Symbol, ITC
    Avant Garde, ITC Lubalin Graph, ITC Souvenir, and New Century
    Schoolbook
    Printers: Digital PrinterServer 40 Plus, PrinterServer 20,
    ScriptPrinter


    PC TABLE

 PC  Purpose         PostScript Code
 1   Landscape       ) s restore 790 0 translate 90 rotate save x y
moveto (
 2   Portrait        ) s restore 0 790 translate -90 rotate save x y
moveto (
 3   Paper Tray #1   ) s save statusdict begin 1 setpapertray end
restore (
 4   Paper Tray #2   ) s save statusdict begin 2 setpapertray end
restore (
 5   Paper Tray #3   ) s save statusdict begin 3 setpapertray end
restore (
 6   Paper Tray 3    ) s save statusdict begin 3 setpapertray end
restore
     w/envelopes        790 0 translate 90 rotate save x y moveto (
 7   Legal Manual    ) s restore save /x 18 def /y 972 def legal
statusdict begin /manualfeed true def end l save (

 8   Manual Env.     ) s save statusdict begin 1 setpapertray end
restore 790 0 translate 90 rotate save x y moveto def statusdict
begin /manualfeed true def end (

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